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The ESSD 2022 Conference December 12, 2022, NPIC, Phnom Penh

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1. αžŸαŸαž…αž€αŸ’αžΈαžαžŸαŸ’αžΎαžαž˜

αž”αž…αž…αž»αž”αž”αž“αŸ’αž“αžŸαž“αŸ’αŸαŸ‡ αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαŸ’αžΆαŸαŸ‹αžαžΆαž˜αž–αž›αžŸαŸ…αŸ’αž”αžŸαŸαŸαž€αŸ’αž˜αž–

αž»αž‡αžΆαž˜αžΆαž“αŸ’αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαž€αŸ’αžΎαž“αŸ’

ស αžΎαž„αž‡αžΆαž›αŸ†αžŠαžΆαž”αŸ”αŸ‹ αž€αŸ’αŸ†αžŸαž“αŸ’αžΎαž“αŸ’αž“αž“αŸ’αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαŸ’αžΆαŸαŸ‹αžαžΆαž˜αž–αž›αž’αž‚αŸ’αž‚αž·αŸαž“αŸ’αžΈαžŸαŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„

αŸ’αž”αžŸαŸαŸαž€αŸ’αž˜αž–

αž»αž‡αžΆ αž‡αžΆαž˜αž’αŸ’αž™αž˜αŸ’αž”αž…αŸ†αž†αŸ’αž“ αŸ†6.9% [1]αŸ” αž…αŸ†αžŸ αŸαŸ‡αŸ’αž”αž—αž–αŸ’αž‚αžαŸ‹αŸ’αž‚αž„αŸ‹

αžαžΆαž˜αž–αž›αž’αž‚αŸ’αž‚αž·αŸαž“αŸ’αžΈ αž“αž“αŸ’αŸ’αž–αŸαŸ‡αžšαžΆαž‡αžΆαžŽαžΆαž…αŸ’αž€αŸ’αž€αŸ’αž˜αž–

αž»αž‡αžΆ αž˜αžΆαž“αŸ’αžŠαžΌαž…αž‡αžΆ

αžœαžΆαžšαž’αžΈαž‚αŸ’αž‚αž·αŸαž“αŸ’αžΈ62% αžŸαŸ’αž”αž„αž₯αž“αŸ’αž’αž“αŸ’αŸˆ 19% (αžŸαŸ’αž”αž„αž˜αžΆαŸ‰αžΆ េ ូត αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αžŸαŸ’αž”αž„αžŸαž˜αŸ…)

αž’αŸ’αž™αž„αžΌ αžαŸ’αŸ…18% αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αž‡αžΈαžœαž˜αžΆαŸ‰αžΆαŸ 1% [2]αŸ” αžŸαž”αžΎαž„αžΆαž€αŸ’αžŸαŸ…αžŸαž˜αž›αžΎ αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαŸ’αžΆαŸαŸ‹

αžαžΆαž˜αž–αž›αžŸαŸ…αžŸαž›αžΎαž–αž·αž—αžŸαŸ„αž€αŸ’ αž“αžΆαž”αž»αž“αžΆαŸ‰αžΆ αŸ…αž“αŸ’αŸαŸαžŸαžœαžαžαž·αž“αŸ’αž…αŸ αž»αž„αžŸαŸ’αž€αžΆαž™αžŸαž“αŸ’αŸαŸ‡αžœαž‰αž·

ស αžΎαž‰αžαžΆ αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαŸ’αžΆαŸαŸ‹αžαžΆαž˜αž–αž› αžŸαŸ…αžŸαž›αžΎαŸ’αž”αž–αž“αŸ’αŸ αž’αž˜αžΆαŸ‰αžΆαŸαž»αžΈαž“αŸ’αž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ… αž“αŸ’αž·αž„

αž˜αžΆαŸ‰αžΆαŸαž»αžΈαž“αŸ’αŸ’αžαž‡αžΆαž€αŸ’αž˜αžΆαŸ‹ αž“αŸ’αŸ’αž”αž˜αžΆαžŽ 51% αž€αžΆαžšαžŠαžΉαž€αŸ’αž‡αž‰αŸ’αž‡αžΌαž“αŸ’ 32% αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎ

αž€αžΆαžšαž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžΎαž“αž”αŸ’αž”αžŸαž‘αŸ’αž· αž’αž·αž—αžΆαž–αž•αž›αžαž· αžαžΆαž˜αž–αž›αž’αž‚αŸ’αžŸαž‚αž· αž“αžΈαž“αž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸ’αžΆαŸ† សទអូ αžαžΆαž˜αžšαž™αŸˆαž€αžΆαžšαž”αž‰αŸ’αž…

αž»αŸ‡αžŸαžαžΈ αž…αžŽαŸ’αž αž—αžΆαž–

αž„αŸ„αž™αž„αž”αŸ’αž”αžΎαž‘αŸ’αžΉαž€

αžŸαž…αžœαžŽαŸ’αžŽ αž€αž€αž€αŸ„a,*

, αž„αŸ„ αž…αŸαž“αž‘αž˜ αžΌαž›αžΈb

, αž‚αŸ’αŸ’αŸ‹ αžšαž·αž‘αŸ’αž’αžΈc

Performance Improvement of Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) Solar Panel by Module Temperature Reduction

with Water

Sovan Kakadaa,*

, Or Chanmolyb

, Kong Rithyc

a Graduate School, National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

b Research and Innovation Center, Institute of Technology of Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

c Graduate School, National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

a

sovankakada@npic.edu.kh, b or.molyitc@gmail.com, c

kongrithyitc@gmail.com

αž„αžŸαž…αž€αžαžΈαžŸαž„αŸ’αŸαž” αŸ– αž”αžŽαŸ…

ុ

αŸ† Crystalline αž‡αžΆαž•αŸ’αž‘ αŸ†αž„αŸαžΌαž‘αžΆ αžŠαžŠαž›αžŸαž‚αŸ’αž“αŸ’αž·αž™αž˜αž™αž€αŸ’αž˜αž€αŸ’αžŠαŸ†αžŸ αžΎαž„ αžŸαžŠαžΎαž˜αž”αžŸαžΈαŸ’αž”αžΎαŸ’αžΆαŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ…αžαžΆαž˜αžŸαž‚αŸ’αž αžŠαžΆαžΆαž“αŸ’ αž“αŸ’αž·αž„

αŸ’αž›αžΌ

αžœαžŸαžΆαž’αžΆαžšαžŽαŸˆαŸ” αž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† αŸαžΌαž‘αžΆαŸ’αž”αžŸαž—αŸαžŸαž“αŸ’αŸαŸ‡αž˜αžΆαž“αŸ’αž–αžΈαžšαŸ’αž”αžŸαž—αŸαž‚αŸ’αžΊ Mono-crystalline αž“αŸ’αž·αž„ poly-crystallineαŸ” Mono-crystalline

αž˜αžΆαž“αŸ’αž€αžΆαž“αŸ’αž·αž™αž˜αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαŸ’αžΆαŸαŸ‹αž‡αžΆαž„ Poly-Crystalline αžŸαŸ’ αŸαŸ‡αžŸαžŠαžΆαž™αžŸαžΆαžšαžŠαžαžœαžΆαž˜αžΆαž“αŸ’αŸαž·αž“αŸ’αž“αŸ’αž›αžαŸ’αž–αŸαŸ‹αž‡αžΆαž„ αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αž’αžΆαž™αž»αž€αžΆαž›αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαŸ’αžΆαŸαŸ‹αžŠαžœαž„

αž‡αžΆαž„ Poly-CrystallineαŸ” αžαŸ’αžœαžΈαžŸαž”αžΎαŸαž·αž“αŸ’αž“αŸ’αž›αžšαž”αŸαŸ‹αžœαžΆαžαŸ’αž–αŸαŸ‹ αž”αž»αžŠαŸ‰αžΆαž“αŸ’αžαžœαžΆαž“αŸ’αžΉαž„αž’αžΆαž›αž€αŸ’αž…αŸ‹ αž»αŸαŸ‡αžŸαŸ…αžŸαž–αž›αžŠαžŠαž›αž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ…αž“αž“αŸ’αž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† αŸαžΌαž‘αžΆαžŸαž€αŸ’αžΎαž“αŸ’αžŸ αžΎαž„αŸ” αžŠαžΌαžŸαž…αž“αŸαŸ‡

αžŸαžŠαžΎαž˜αž”αž”αžΈ αžŸαž„αž€αžΎαž“αŸ’αŸαž·αž“αŸ’αž“αŸ’αž›αžšαž”αŸαŸ‹αžœαžΆαžŸ αžΎαž„αžœαž‰αž· αž‡αžΆαž…αžΆαŸ† αž…αžŸαŸ‹ αž‚αŸ’αŸ’αžαžΌαžœαŸαž˜αžΆαž›αž€αŸ’αŸαŸ‹ αžΈαžαž»αžŽαž αž—αžΆαž–αžšαž”αŸαŸ‹αžœαžΆαž²αŸ’αž™αžŸαŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž€αŸ’αŸ’αž˜αžαž· αž˜αž™αž½ αŸαž˜αŸ’αŸαž”αŸ” αŸαžΉαž€αŸ’αŸ’αžαžΌαžœ

αžΆαž“αŸ’αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαŸ’αžΆαŸαŸ‹αžŸαžŠαžΎαž˜αž”αž”αžΈαž‰αŸ’αž…αž»

αŸαŸ‡αž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ…αžšαž”αŸαŸ‹αž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† េូទអ αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αž”αžŸαž„αž€αžΎαž“αŸ’αŸαž·αž“αŸ’αž“αŸ’αž›αžšαž”αŸαŸ‹αžœαžΆαžŸ αžΎαž„αžœαž‰αž· αŸ” αžŸαŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž€αžΆαžšαŸαž·αž€αŸ’αžΆαžŸαž“αŸ’αŸαŸ‡ αžΆαž“αŸ’αžŸαŸ’αž‡αžΎαŸαžŸαžšαŸαžΎ

αž•αŸ’αž‘ αŸ†αž„αŸαžΌαž‘αžΆαŸ’αž”αžŸαž—αŸ mono-crystalline (PVT) αžŠαžŠαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αŸ’αž’αŸ’αžαžΆαž›αŸ†αž αžΌαžšαŸαžΉαž€αŸ’αžŸαŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αŸαž»αžŸαŸ„ 1 L/mn αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αŸαžΈαžαžΆαž„αŸ† αžŠαŸ†αžŸ αžΎαž„αžŸαŸ…

αŸαžΈαŸ’αž€αŸ’αž»αž„αž—αž“αžŸαŸ†αž–αž‰αŸ” αž‡αžΆαž›αŸαž’αŸ’αž› αžΆαž“αŸ’αž”αž„αžΆαž αž‰αž²αŸ’αž™αžŸ αžΎαž‰αžαžΆ αžŸαŸ…αžŸαž–αž›αž²αŸ’αž™αŸαžΉαž€αŸ’αž αžΌαžšαžŸαŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αŸαž»αžŸαŸ„αž“αž“αŸ’αž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† េូទអ αžŸαž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž²αŸ’αž™αž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† αŸαžΌαž‘αžΆαž’αžΆαž›αž€αŸ’αŸ‹

αž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ… αžŸαž αžΎαž™αžαžΆαž˜αž–αž›αž’αž‚αŸ’αž‚αž·αŸαž“αŸ’αžΈαž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† αŸαžΌαž‘αžΆαžΆαž“αŸ’αžŸαž€αŸ’αžΎαž“αŸ’αžŸ αžΎαž„αž‡αžΆαž˜αž’αŸ’αž™αž˜αŸ’αž”αž˜αžΆαžŽ 4% αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž˜αž™αž½ αž†αŸ’αž“αŸ’αŸαž”αž‡αžΆαž˜αž½αž™αž‚αŸ’αž“αž“ αžŸαž“αŸ’αŸαŸ‡αžŠαžŠαžš αŸ† αŸαžΉαž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ…

αž€αŸ’αŸαž’αžΆαž…αŸ’αžαžΌαžœαžΆαž“αŸ’αž‘αžΆαž‰αž™αž€αŸ’αž˜αž€αŸ’αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαŸ’αžΆαŸαŸ‹αžΆαž“αŸ’αŸ’αž„αžŠαžŠαžšαŸ”

Abstract: Crystalline is a popular solar panel mainly used in households and public roads. There

are two types of crystalline panels: mono-crystalline and poly-crystalline. Mono-crystalline is

popular for its higher efficiency compared to poly-crystalline, long-life service, and low

investment cost. However, its efficiency drops as the module temperature increases. So, the

technique for module temperature reduction needs to be applied to improve the module power

generation, hence, higher module efficiency and water is a best heat remover. In this study, one

type of mono-crystalline (PVT) with circulating water flow rate of 1 L/mn under the climate

condition of Phnom Penh was selected. The results indicated higher power generations of the

module as the module temperature was reduced by circulating cooling water up to 4 % per year.

In addition, the warm/hot water leave module could be used for some household applications.

Keywords: Mono-crystalline, PVT (photovoltaic thermal), Power generation, Cooling

water, Hot water.

* αž’αž“αž€αŸ’αž“αŸ’αž·αž–αž“αŸ’αž’αŸαŸαž›αž½ αž”αž“αŸ’αž‘

αž»αž€αŸ’ (Corresponding Author)

a

αžŸαž”αž€αŸ’αž‡αž αž“αŸ’αž”αžŽαž·αžŒαž αž˜αž αžΆαžœαŸαž·αžΆαž›αŸαž™αžαžΆαž“αž€αŸ’αžŸαŸ‹ αŸ’αž€αžΆαž™αž”αžšαž‰αŸ’αž‰αž· αžΆαž”αŸ’αž αž“αž“αŸ’αžœαŸαž·αžΆαžŸαžΆαžΆαž“αŸ’αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αž αž»αž”αžŸαž…αž…αž€αŸ’αžŸαŸαŸαž€αŸ’αž˜αž–

αž»αž‡αžΆ

b αžŸαžΆαžŸαŸ’αžαŸ’αžŸαžΆαž αž…αžšαž™ αž“αž“αŸ’αž˜αž‡αžˆαž˜αžŽαžŒ αž›αŸ’αžŸαžΆαžœαŸ’αž‡αžΆαžœ αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αž“αŸ’αžœαžΆαž“αŸ’αž»αžœαžαžαž“αŸ’αž“αŸŒαž“αŸ’αžœαŸαž·αžΆαžŸαžΆαžΆαž“αŸ’αž”αžŸαž…αž…αž€αŸ’αžœαŸαž·αžΆαž€αŸ’αž˜αž–

αž»αž‡αžΆ

c

αŸ’αž”αž’αžΆαž“αŸ’αžŸαžŠαžΆαŸ‰αžΆαžαžΊαž˜αž„αŸ‰αžΆ αžαžΆαŸ‹ αž“αž€αŸ’αž”αŸ‹ αžšαž‰αŸ’αž‰αž· αžΆαž”αŸ’αžαž‡αžΆαž“αŸ’αŸ‹αžαŸ’αž–αŸαŸ‹αž“αž“αŸ’αž˜αž αžΆαžœαŸαž·αžΆαž›αŸαž™αžαžΆαž“αž€αŸ’αžŸαŸ‹ αŸ’αž€αžΆαž™αž”αžšαž‰αŸ’αž‰αž· αžΆαž”αŸ’αž αž“αž“αŸ’αžœαŸαž·αžΆαžŸαžΆαžΆαž“αŸ’αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αž αž»αž”αžŸαž…αž…αž€αŸ’αžŸαŸαŸαž€αŸ’αž˜αž–

αž»αž‡αžΆ

Copyright Β©2022. Published by NPIC. All rights reserved.

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The ESSD 2022 Conference December 12, 2022, NPIC, Phnom Penh

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αŸ’αžΆαŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αžŸαž„αŸ—αŸ’αž”αž˜αžΆαžŽ 17%[3]αŸ” αž…αŸ†αžŸ αŸαŸ‡αŸ’αž”αž—αž–αŸ’αž‚αžαŸ‹αŸ’αž‚αž„αŸ‹αžαžΆαž˜αž–αž›

αžœαž‰αž· αž€αŸ’αž˜αžΆαŸ αž“αŸ’αžŸαŸ’αž…αž“αŸ’αžΎ αŸ’αž„αžŠαžŠαžš αžŠαžŠαž›αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αžŸαž“αžΆαŸαŸ‡αž˜αžΆαž“αŸ’αŸ’αž”αž—αž–αžαžΆαž˜αž–αž›αž€αŸ’αžŸαž€αŸ’αžΎαž

ស αžΎαž„αžœαž‰αž· αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αŸ’αž”αž—αž–αžαžΆαž˜αž–αž›αž˜αž“αŸ’αž· αž€αŸ’αžŸαž€αŸ’αžΎαžαžŸ αžΎαž„αžœαž‰αž· αŸ” αž…αŸ†αžŸ αŸαŸ‡αŸ’αž”αž—αž–

αžαžΆαž˜αž–αž›αž˜αž“αŸ’αž· αž€αŸ’αžŸαž€αŸ’αžΎαžαžŸ αžΎαž„αžœαž‰αž· αžΆαž“αŸ’αž“αŸ’αžΉαž„αž€αŸ’αŸ†αž–αž»αž„αž‡αž½αž”αŸ’αž”αŸαŸαŸ‡αž“αŸ’αžΌαžœαž”αž‰αŸ’αž‰αž αž‡αžΆ

αžŸαŸ’αž…αžΎαž“αŸ’αžŠαžŠαž›αž‘αžΆαž€αŸ’αŸαŸ‹ αž„αžŸαŸ…αž“αŸ’αžΉαž„αž€αžΆαžšαžΆαžαž”αŸ‹ αž„αŸ‹ αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αž€αŸ’αž„αžœαŸαŸ‡αžαžΆαžαž“αž“αŸ’αžœαžαžΆαž»αž’αžΆαžαž»αžŸαžŠαžΎαž˜

αžŠαžŠαž›αžŸαž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž²αŸ’αž™αžαž“αž˜αž›αžšαž”αŸαŸ‹αžœαžΆαž˜αžΆαž“αŸ’αž€αžΆαžšαžŠαŸ’αž”αŸ’αž”αž½αž› αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αž–αž·αžΆαž€αŸ’αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž€αžΆαžšαŸ’αž‚αžαŸ’αŸ‹ αž‚αž„αŸ‹

αžŸαŸαŸ€αžαŸ’αž„αŸ” αž…αŸ†αžŠαžŽαž€αŸ’αž―αžαžΆαž˜αž–αž›αž€αŸ’αžŸαž€αŸ’αžΎαžαžŸ αžΎαž„αžœαž‰αž· αžŸαŸαŸ€αžαžŸαžŸαžΆαž

αž€αžΆαžšαŸ’αž›αž·αžαž€αŸ’αžŸαŸαŸ…αž˜αžΆαž“αŸ’αž€αŸ’αŸ’αž˜αžαž· αžŸαŸ…αžŸ αžΎαž™ αž‘αžΆαž„αŸ† αž”αžšαž˜αžΆαž· αžŽαžαžΆαž˜αž–αž›αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„

αž”αžŸαž…αž…αž€αŸ’αžŸαŸαŸαž“αž“αŸ’αž€αžΆαžšαŸ’αž›αž·αžαŸ” αž“αžΆαžŸαž–αž›αžαŸ’αŸ…αžΈαŸ—αžŸαž“αŸ’αŸαŸ‡αž˜αžΆαž“αŸ’αžœαž’αŸ’αž·αžΈαžŸαžΆαžŸαŸ’αžαŸ’αŸαŸ…αž‡αžΆαžŸαŸ’αž…αžΎαž“αŸ’

αžΆαž“αŸ’αžŸαž›αžΎαž€αŸ’αžŸ αžΎαž„αžŸαžŠαžΎαž˜αž”αžŸαžΈαž’αŸ’αžœαžΎ αž€αžΆαžšαž”αžŸαž„αž€αžΎαž“αŸ’αž“αŸ’αžΌαžœαŸαž˜αžαžΆαž—αžΆαž–αŸ’αž›αž·αžαžαžΆαž˜αž–αž›

αž€αŸ’αžŸαž€αŸ’αžΎαžαžŸ αžΎαž„αžœαž‰αž· αžŸαžŠαžΎαž˜αž”αž”αžΈ αŸ†αžŸαž–αž‰αžαŸ’αž˜αžΌαžœαž€αžΆαžšαž’αž“αž€αŸ’αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαŸ’αžΆαŸαŸ‹ αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž“αŸ’αž™αŸ

αž€αžΆαžαŸ‹αž”αž“αŸ’αžΆαž™ αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαŸ’αžΆαŸαŸ‹αžαžΆαž˜αž–αž›αžŸαžŠαžΎαžšαžŸαžŠαžΆαž™αžŸαŸ’αž”αž„αž₯αž“αŸ’αž‘αž“αŸ’αŸˆ αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αž’αŸ’αž™αž„αžΌ αžαŸ’ αŸ…

αž‡αžΆαžŸαžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ” αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αžŸαž“αžΆαŸαŸ‡αžŠαžŠαžšαž€αžΆαžšαŸαž·αž€αŸ’αžΆαž–αžΈαž€αžΆαžšαŸ’αž›αž·αžαžαžΆαž˜αž–αž› αžŸαžŠαžΆαž™αž–αž“αŸ’αž›αžΊ

αŸ’αž–αŸαŸ‡αž’αžΆαŸαž·αžαž™αŸ’αžαžΌαžœαžΆαž“αŸ’αž’αž“αž€αŸ’αŸ’αžŸαžΆαžœαŸ’αž‡αžΆαž™αž‡αžΆαžŸαŸ’αž…αžΎαž“αŸ’ αžΆαž“αŸ’αžŸαž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž€αžΆαŸαž·αž€αŸ’αžΆαžŠαžΌαž…αž‡αžΆ

αž€αžΆαž”αžŸαž„αž€αžΎαž“αŸ’αŸαž·αž“αŸ’αž“αŸ’αž›αž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† αŸαžΌαž‘αžΆαžαžΆαž˜αžšαž™αŸˆ αž€αžΆαžšαžŠαŸ†αžŸ αžΎαž„αž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† αžŸαžŠαžΆαž™αž²αŸ’αž™

αž„αžΆαž€αŸ’αžαžΆαž˜αž–αž“αŸ’αž›αžΊαŸ’αž–αŸαŸ‡αž’αžΆαŸαž·αžαž™ αž’αžΆαž…αž”αžŸαž„αž€αžΎαž“αŸ’αŸαž·αž“αŸ’αž“αŸ’αž›αžαžΆαž˜αž–αž›αžšαž αžΌαžαžŠαž›αŸ‹

αž‡αžΆαž„ 50% αžŸαŸ…αžšαžŠαžΌαžœαžŸαžŠαŸ… αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αž”αžŸαž„αž€αžΎαž“αŸ’αŸαž·αž“αŸ’αž“αŸ’αž›αžαžΆαž˜αž–αž›αžŸαŸ’αž…αžΎαž“αŸ’αž‡αžΆαž„ 20%

αžŸαŸ…αžšαžŠαžΌαžœαŸαžΉαž›αž€αŸ’αžŸ αŸ’αžΎαž‡αž»αŸαŸ‡[4]αŸ” αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαŸ’αžΆαŸαŸ‹αŸαžΉαž€αŸ’αž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αž»

αŸαŸ‡αž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ…αžŸαžŠαžΆαž™αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎ

αŸαžΉαž€αŸ’αžΆαž‰αŸ‹αž–αžΈαžŸαž›αžΎαžŠαžΌαž…αžŸαž—αž›αŸ€αž„ αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αž”αž„αž 

ូ

αžšαŸαžΉαž€αŸ’αž–αžΈαžŸαž›αžΎαž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† αŸαžΌαž‘αžΆαž’αžΆαž…αž‡αž½αž™

αž”αžŸαž„αž€αžΎαž“αŸ’αŸαž·αž“αŸ’αž“αŸ’αž›αž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† αŸαžΌαž‘αžΆαžΆαž“αŸ’ 20% αžŸαž”αžΎαžŸαŸ’αž”αŸ€αž”αžŸαž’αŸ’αŸ€αž”αž‡αžΆαž˜αž™αž½ αž€αžΆαžš

αžŠαŸ†αžŸ αžΎαž„αž’αŸ’αž˜αŸ…αžαžΆ[5]αŸ” αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαžŠαžŠαž€αŸ’αŸ’αžαž‡αžΆαž€αŸ’αžŸαŸ‹ αžŠαžΎαž˜αž”αž‘αžΆαžΈ αž™αž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ…αžŸαž…αž‰αž–αžΈαž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ†

αŸαžΌαž‘αžΆαžŸαžŠαžΆαž™αžŠαŸ†αžšαžŸ αžΎαž„αž†αŸ’αž’αžΉαž„αž“αž“αŸ’αžŠαžŠαž€αŸ’αŸ’αžαž‡αžΆαž€αŸ’αžŸαŸ‹ αŸ…αž˜αž»αž”αŸ† αžΈαžŸαŸ’αžŸαž„αž‚αŸ’αž“αž“αž‚αŸ’αžΊαž˜αž»αŸ†45o αž˜αž»αŸ†

90o αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αž˜αž»αŸ†135o

αžŸαž αžΎαž™αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαž€αŸ’αž„αžΆαž αžšαžŸαžŠαžΎαž˜αž”αŸ’αžΈ αž›αž»

αŸ†αž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ…αžŸαž…αž‰αžŸαŸ…αž”αžšαŸ„αž· αž€αžΆαŸ

αž‡αžΆαž›αŸαž’αŸ’αž›αž˜αž»αŸ† 45o αŸαŸαž½αž›αžΆαž“αŸ’αŸ’αž›αž›αž’αž‡αžΆαž„αžŸαž‚αŸ’[6]αŸ” αžŸαŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž€αžΆαžš

αŸαž·αž€αŸ’αžΆαžŸαž“αŸ’αŸαŸ‡αž“αŸ’αž„αžΉ αžŸαž›αžΎαž€αŸ’αž™αž€αŸ’ αž€αžΆαžšαž”αžŸαž„αž€αžΎαž“αŸ’αŸ’αž”αŸαž·αŸαž’αž·αž—αžΆαž–αŸ’αž›αž·αžαžαžΆαž˜αž–αž›

αž’αž‚αŸ’αž‚αž·αŸαž“αŸ’αžΈαž“αž“αŸ’αž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† αŸαžΌαž‘αžΆαžαžΆαž˜αžšαž™αŸˆ αž€αžΆαžšαž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αž»

αŸαŸ‡αŸαžΈαžαž»αžŽαž αž—αžΆαž–αžŸαžŠαžΆαž™αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαŸαžΉ

αž€αŸ’αŸ” αž›αŸ†αž αžΌαžšαŸαžΉαž€αŸ’αžŸαŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αŸαž»αžŸαŸ„αž“αž“αŸ’αž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† េូទអ αž˜αžΆαž“αŸ’αžŸαž›αž”αžΏαž“αŸ’ 1 L⁄mn

αžŸαžŠαžΎαž˜αž”αž”αžΈαž‰αŸ’αž…αž»

αŸαŸ‡αž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ…αž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† េូទអ αžŸαž αžΎαž™αŸαžΉαž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ…αžŠαžŠαž›αž αžΌαžšαžŸαž…αž‰αž–αžΈαž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† េូ

αž‘αžΆαžŸαž“αŸ’αŸαŸ‡αž€αŸ’αž’αžΆαŸ αž…αŸ’αžαžΌαžœαžΆαž“αŸ’αžŸαž‚αŸ’αž™αž€αŸ’αžŸαŸ…αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαŸ’αžΆαŸαŸ‹αŸ’αž„αžŠαžŠαžšαŸ”

2. αžœαž’αŸ’αž·αžΈαžŸαžΆαžŸαŸ’αžαŸ’αŸαŸ’αžαžŸαžΆαžœαŸ’αž‡αžΆαžœ

2.1 αŸ’αŸαžΉαŸαžΈ αŸ…αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αž˜αžΌαžŠαŸ‰αžΆαžŠαž›αžŠαžŸαŸ†αžŽαžΆαŸαŸ‡αŸ’αžŸαžΆαž™

2.1.1 αž˜αžΌαžŠαŸ‰αžΆαžŠαž›αžŠαžŸαŸ†αžŽαžΆαŸαŸ‡αŸ’αžŸαžΆαž™ αž•αŸ’αž‘ αŸ†αž„ PV

αž€αžΆαžšαŸ’αž›αž·αžαžαžΆαž˜αž–αž›αž’αž‚αŸ’αž‚αž·αŸαž“αŸ’αžΈαžšαž”αŸαŸ‹αž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† េូទអ αž’αžΆαŸ’αŸαŸαž™αžŸαŸ…αžŸαž›αžΎ

αŸαžΈαžαž»αžŽαž αž—αžΆαž– αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αž€αŸ’αŸ’αž˜αžαž· αžŠαž„αŸαŸ‹ αž»αžΈαžŸαžαž–αž“αŸ’αž›αžΊαžšαŸ’αž–αŸαŸ‡αž’αžΆαŸαž·αžαž™ αžŠαžŠαž›αžΆαž“αŸ’αŸ’αŸ…αž›αŸ‹αž²αŸ’αž™

αžœαžΆαŸ” αžŸαžŠαžΎαž˜αž”αž‚αŸ’αžΈαžŽαž“αžΆαž’αžΆαž“αŸ’αž»αž—αžΆαž–αž’αžαž·αž”αžšαž˜αžΆαžšαž”αŸαŸ‹αž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† េូទអ αŸ’αžαžΌαžœαžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎ

αžšαžΌαž”αž˜αž“αŸ’αŸ… αžŠαžΌαž…αžαžΆαž„αžŸαŸ’αž€αžΆαž˜[7]αŸ–

Pm = Pm,stc βˆ™ (1βˆ’ Ξ³(TPV βˆ’ 25)) βˆ™

GT

1000

. (1)

αžŠαžŠαž› Pm αž‡αžΆαž’αžΆαž“αŸ’αž»αž—αžΆαž–αž’αžαž·αž”αžšαž˜αžΆαžšαž”αŸαŸ‹αž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† េូទអ Pm,stc αž‡αžΆ

αž’αžΆαž“αŸ’αž»αž—αžΆαž–αž’αžαž·αž”αžšαž˜αžΆ αžšαž”αŸαŸ‹αž•αŸ’αž‘ αŸ†αž„αŸαžΌαž‘αžΆ αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž›αž€αŸ’αžαžαŸ’αžŽαžŒαŸαžαž„αžŠαžΆαŸ‹ αžŸαžαŸαŸ…

αžŠαžŠαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αŸ’αžŠαž„αŸαŸ‹ αž»αžΈαžŸαžαž–αž“αŸ’αž›αžΊ1000W/m2 αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αŸαžΈαžαž»αžŽαž αž—αžΆαž–αžŸαŸ…αžŸαž›αžΎPVT

Module 25 oC αŸ” Ξ³ αž‡αžΆαžŸαž˜αž‚αŸ’αž»αžŽαŸαžΈαžαž»αžŽαž αž—αžΆαž–αžŠαžŠαž› PVT αž’αžΆαž…

αŸαŸαž½αž›αžΆαž“αŸ’αž’αžΆαž“αŸ’αž»αž—αžΆαž–αž’αžαž·αž”αžšαž˜αžΆαŸ” TPV αž‡αžΆαŸαžΈαžαž»αžŽαž αž—αžΆαž–αžŸαŸ…αžŸαž›αžΎαž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ†

េូទអ[7]αŸ”

TPV = Ta + (TNOCT – 20)βˆ™

GT

800

. (2)

αžŸαžŠαžΆαž™ TNOCT αŸ’αžαžΌαžœαžΆαž“αŸ’αž€αŸ’αŸ†αžŽαžαŸ‹αžαžΆαž˜αžšαž™αŸˆαŸαžΈαžαž»αžŽαž αž—αžΆαž–αžšαž”αŸαŸ‹ PV cell

ឬ Module αžŠαžŠαž›αžΆαž“αŸ’αžŠαŸ†αžŸ αžΎαž„αžŸαŸ’αž€αžΆαž˜αž›αž€αŸ’αžαžαŸ’αžŽαžŒαžŠαž„αŸαŸ‹ αž»αžΈαžŸαžαž’αžΆαž“αŸ’αž»αž—αžΆαž–

αž–αž“αŸ’αž›αžΊ800W/m2 αŸαžΈαžαž»αžŽαž αž—αžΆαž–αž”αžšαŸ„αž· αž€αžΆαŸ 20 oC αŸ’αž–αž˜αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αžŸαŸ’αž€αžΆαž˜

αž›αž€αŸ’αžαžαŸ’αžŽαžŒαž˜αž“αŸ’αž· αž‘αžΆαž“αŸ’αž—αžΆαŸ‹ αž‡αž”αžœαžΆαŸ‹ αžŸαŸ…αžŸαŸ’αž‚αŸ’αžΏαž„αŸαŸαž½αž›αŸ” αž‡αžΆαŸαžΌαžŸαŸ… TNOCT αŸ’αžαžΌαžœ

αžΆαž“αŸ’αŸ’αŸ…αž›αŸ‹αž²αŸ’αž™αž–αžΈαžŸαžšαžΆαž„αž…αŸ’αž€αŸ’ αŸ’αž›αž·αžαž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† αŸαžΌαž‘αžΆαžŠαžŠαž›αž˜αžΆαžαž“αž˜αž› αŸ’αž”αžŠαž αž›

45Β±2 oC αŸαŸ’αž˜αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž•αŸ’αž‘ αŸ†αž„αŸαžΌαž‘αžΆαŸ’αž”αžŸαž—αŸ Monocrystalline Polycrys- tallineαŸ”

αžŸαŸ…αžαŸ’αžŽαŸˆαžŸαž–αž›αžŠαžŠαž› αž’αŸ’αžαžΆαž›αŸ†αž αžΌαžšαŸαžΉαž€αŸ’ αž˜αž™αž½ αž›αžΈαŸ’αž αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž˜αž™αž½ αž“αžΆαŸαžΈ

(1 L⁄mn ) αžŠαžΌαžŸαž…αž“αŸαŸ‡ TNOCT αŸ’αžαžΌαžœαžΆαž“αŸ’αž€αŸ’αŸ†αžŽαžαžŸαŸ‹ αžŠαžΆαž™αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαžšαž”αžΌ αž˜αž“αŸ’αŸ…αžŠαžΌαž…αžαžΆαž„

αžŸαŸ’αž€αžΆαž˜ αŸ–

TNOCT = 509.5 Γ—

(Tfi – Ta)

GT

+ 36.2048. (3)

2.1.2 αž˜αžΌαžŠαŸ‰αžΆαžŠαž›αžŠαžŸαŸ†αžŽαžΆαŸαŸ‡αŸ’αžŸαžΆαž™ αž•αŸ’αž‘ αŸ†αž„ PVT

αžŸαŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž€αžΆαžšαŸαž·αž€αŸ’αžΆαžŸαž“αŸ’αŸαŸ‡ Microsoft Excel αŸ’αžαžΌαžœαžΆαž“αŸ’αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαžŸαžŠαžΎαž˜αž”αžŸαžΈαž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž€αžΆαžš

αž‚αŸ’αžŽαž“αžΆ αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αž”αž„αžΆαž αž‰αž›αŸαž’αŸ’αž›αž‡αžΆαŸ’αž€αžΆαž”αž“αž“αŸ’αž€αžΆαžšαž”αž‰αŸ’αž‡αžΌαž“αŸ’αž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ… αžšαž”αŸαŸ‹αž•αŸ’αž‘ αŸ†αž„

PVT αŸ” αžšαž”αžΌ αž—αžΆαž– αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αž‚αŸ’αŸ†αž“αŸ’αžΌαŸαž”αž„αžΆαž αž‰αž’αŸ†αž–αžΈαž§αž”αž€αŸ’αžšαžŽαŸαŸ’αž”αž˜αžΌαž›αž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ… αž“αŸ’αž·αž„

αŸαž˜αŸ…αžαž·αž€αŸ’αž˜αŸ… αŸαŸ†αžαžΆαž“αŸ’αŸ—αŸ‹ αžŠαžŠαž›αŸ’αžαžΌαžœαžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαžŸαŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αŸαž˜αž€αžΆαžΈ αžšαž˜αžΌαžŠαŸ‰αžΆαžŠαž›αžŠαŸ†αžŸαžŽαžΆαŸαŸ‡

αŸ’αžŸαžΆαž™ αŸ’αžαžΌαžœαžΆαž“αŸ’αž”αž„αžΆαž αž‰αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αžšαž”αžΌ αž—αžΆαž–αŸαžΈαŸ‘ (αž€αŸ’) αž“αŸ’αž·αž„(αžαŸ’)αŸ”

αž€αŸ’. αž•αŸ’αž‘ αŸ†αž„ PVT αž–αžΈαžŸαžšαžΆαž„αž…αŸ’αž€αŸ’

αžαŸ’. αŸ’αž”αžŠαžœαž„ αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αŸαž˜αžαŸ… αž·αž€αŸ’αž˜αŸ…αž“αž“αŸ’αž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† PVT

αžšαž”αžΌ αž—αžΆαž–αŸαžΈαŸ‘ αŸ– αž•αŸ’αž‘ αŸ†αž„ PVT αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αŸαž˜αŸ…αžαž·αž€αŸ’αž˜αŸ…αžŸαŸ’αžŸαž„αŸ—αžšαž”αŸαŸ‹αžœαžΆ [8]αŸ”

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The ESSD 2022 Conference December 12, 2022, NPIC, Phnom Penh

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αŸαž˜αŸ…αžαž·αž€αŸ’αž˜αŸ…αŸαŸ†αžαžΆαž“αŸ’αŸ‹αŸ—αž“αž“αŸ’αž§αž”αž€αŸ’αžšαžŽαŸ αŸ’αž”αž˜αžΌαž›αž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ… αžΆαž“αŸ’αž”αž„αžΆαž  αž‰αžŸαŸ…

αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αžαžΆαžšαžΆαž„αŸαžΈαŸ‘αŸ”

αžαžΆαžšαžΆαž„αŸαžΈαŸ‘ αŸ– αž›αž€αŸ’αžαžŽαŸˆαž–αž·αžŸαŸαŸαž“αž“αŸ’αž•αŸ’αž‘ αŸ†αž„ PVT [7]

Cell type Mono-crystalline

Dimensions 828 mm Γ—1601 mm Γ— 90 mm

Area 1.326 m2

Weight 24.4 kg

Number of cells 72

Cell dimensions 125 mm Γ—125 mm

Maximum power, Pm 200 wp

Maximum power voltage, Vmp 36.5 V

Maximum power current, Imp 5.2 A

Open-circuit voltage, Voc 45.26 V

Short-circuit current, Isc 5.66 A

Electrical efficiency of module Ξ·stc 15.08 %

Temperature coefficients of Pm, Ξ³ βˆ’0.45%/Β°C

FR(τα)e 39.86 %, optical efficiency

FRUL 7.85 W/m2

.K, heat loss coefficient

αž…αžΆαž”αŸαŸ‹ ី៑ αž“αž“αŸ’αžŠαŸαž˜αžΌαžŒαŸ‰αžΆ αžΈαžŽαžΆαž˜αž…αž· αŸαŸ’αž˜αžΆαž”αŸ’αŸ‹ αž”αž–αž“αŸ’αŸ αž’αž…αŸ†αž αžš αž“αž“αŸ’αž§αž”αž€αŸ’αžšαžŽαŸ

αŸ’αž”αž˜αžΌαž›αž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ… αŸ’αž”αžŸαž—αŸ Plat-flate αŸ’αžαžΌαžœαžΆαž“αŸ’αž€αŸ’αŸ†αžŽαžαŸ‹αžŸαžŠαžΆαž™αŸ–

βˆ‘ QΜ‡ βˆ’ βˆ‘ αΊ† = βˆ†Δ–

cv. (4)

αŸαŸ’αž˜αžΆαž”αž›αŸ‹ αŸ†αž αžΌαžšαž˜αž™αž½ αŸαž·αŸαžŸαŸ…

βˆ‘ QΜ‡ βˆ’ βˆ‘ αΊ† = ṁf.(βˆ†h + βˆ†ke + βˆ†pe). (5)

αžŸαžŠαžΆαž™αžαžΆαž˜αž–αž›αŸαž»αžΈαžŸαž“αŸ’αž“αŸ’αž·αž€αŸ’ αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αžαžΆαž˜αž–αž›αž”αžΌαžαŸ‰αžΆ αž„αžŠαŸ‹ αŸαž™αž„αž–αž»αŸ†αž˜αžΆαž“αŸ’αž€αžΆαžšαžŠαŸ’αž”

αŸ’αž”αž½αž›αž“αžΆαŸ†αž²αŸ’αž™ βˆ†ke = 0 αž“αŸ’αž·αž„ βˆ†pe = 0 αžŸαŸ’ αŸαŸ‡αŸαž»αžŸαŸ„αž“αž“αŸ’αž§αž”αž€αŸ’αžšαžŽαŸ

αŸ’αž”αž˜αžΌαž›αž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ…αž˜αžΆαž“αŸ’αžαž“αž˜αž›αžŸαžαŸ’αžšαŸ” αžŸαŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž›αž€αŸ’αžαžαŸ’αžŽαžŒαžŸαž“αŸ’αŸαŸ‡αžŠαžŠαžš βˆ‘ αΊ† = 0

αžŠαžΌαžŸαž…αž“αŸαŸ‡αŸαž˜αž€αžΆαžΈ αžšαž›αŸ†αž αžΌαžšαž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž˜αž™αž½ αŸαž·αŸαžŸαŸ…αŸ’αžαžΌαžœαžΆαž“αŸ’αŸαžšαžŸαŸαžšαŸ–

(τα)e GTA - QΜ‡

coll- Q̇

loos = 0. (6)

αžŠαžŠαž› QΜ‡

coll = (ṁ cp)f (Tfo – Tfi ) αž‡αžΆαž’αŸ’αžαžΆαŸ’αŸαžΌαž”αž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ… តអម

αžšαž™αŸˆαž…αž›αž“αžΆαžšαž”αŸαŸ‹αŸαžΉαž€αŸ’ αž“αŸ’αž·αž„ QΜ‡

loos αž‚αŸ’αžΊαž‡αžΆαž’αŸ’αžαžΆαž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ…αžΆαžαž”αŸ‹ αž„αž–αŸ‹ ី

αž§αž”αž€αŸ’αžšαžŽαŸ αŸ’αž”αž˜αžΌαž›αž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ… αŸ”

FR αž‡αžΆαžŸαž˜αž‚αŸ’αž»αžŽαžŸαŸ’αž‘αžšαž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ… (Removal Factor) αž€αžΆαžšαŸ’αŸαžΌαž”αž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ…

αžšαž”αŸαŸ‹αŸαžΉαž€αŸ’ αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αŸαž·αž“αŸ’αž“αŸ’αž›αžšαž”αŸαŸ‹αž§αž”αž€αŸ’αžšαžŽαŸ αŸ’αŸαžΌαž”αž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ… αŸ’αžαžΌαžœαžΆαž“αŸ’αž€αŸ’αŸ†αžŽαžαŸ‹

αžαžΆαž˜αžšαžΌαž”αž˜αž“αŸ’αŸ…αžαžΆαž„αžŸαŸ’αž€αžΆαž˜αŸ–

Q̇

coll = FR(τα)e GTA βˆ’ FR ULA (Tfi – Ta). (7)

Ξ·cool =

Q̇

cool

GTA

= FR(τα)e βˆ’ FR UL

(Tfi – Ta)

GT

. (8)

αžαžΆαž˜αžšαž™αŸˆαŸαž˜αž€αžΆαžΈ រ (6) αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αŸαž˜αž€αžΆαžΈ រ (7) αž’αžΆαž…αž‘αžΆαž‰αžšαž€αŸ’αŸαžΈαžαž»αžŽαž 

αž—αžΆαž–αžšαž”αŸαŸ‹αž§αž”αž€αŸ’αžšαžŽαŸ αŸ’αž”αž˜αžΌαž›αž€αŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ… αžΆαž“αŸ’αžŠαžΌαž…αžαžΆαž„αžŸαŸ’αž€αžΆαž˜αŸ–

Tfo= Tfi+

A

(ṁ cp)f

[FR(τα)e GT βˆ’ FR UL(Tfi – Ta)]. (9)

2.2 PVT System for Simulation

αžŸαŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž€αžΆαžšαŸαž·αž€αŸ’αžΆαžŸαž“αŸ’αŸαŸ‡ αžΆαž“αŸ’αžŸαž›αžΎαž€αŸ’αž™αž€αŸ’αž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† PVT αž…αŸ†αž“αŸ’αž½αž“αŸ’αž–αžΈαžšαž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ†

αž˜αž€αŸ’αžŠαŸ†αžŸ αžΎαž„ αžŸαžŠαžΆαž™αž²αŸ’αž™αŸαžΉαž€αŸ’αž αžΌαžšαž…αžΌαž›αž‡αžΆαžŸαŸ αžšαž‡αžΆαž˜αž½αž™ ី αž‚αŸ’αž“αž“αžŠαžΌαž…αž”αž„αžΆαž αž‰αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„

αžšαž”αžΌ αž—αžΆαž–αŸαžΈαŸ’αŸ” αž…αŸ†αžŸ αŸαŸ‡αŸαžΈαžαž»αžŽαž αž—αžΆαž–αŸαžΉαž€αŸ’αž…αžΌαž›αž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† េូទអ αŸ’αžαžΌαžœαžΆαž“αŸ’

αž€αŸ’αŸ†αžŽαžαŸ‹αž™αž€αŸ’ 25 Β°C αŸαŸ’αž˜αžΆαž”αŸαŸ‹ αžΉαž€αŸ’αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαŸ’αžΆαŸαŸ‹ (city water) αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„

αž—αžΌαž˜αžŸαžΆαž· αžŸαŸ’αžαŸ’αŸαŸ…αžšαžΆαž‡αž’αžΆαž“αŸ’αžΈαž—αž“αžŸαŸ†αž–αž‰αŸ”

αžšαž”αžΌ αž—αžΆαž–αŸαžΈαŸ’ αŸ– αž€αžΆαžšαžŠαŸ†αžŸ αžΎαž„αž•αŸ’αž‘αž„αŸ† PVTαŸ”

αž…αŸ†αžŸ αŸαŸ‡αŸαž·αž“αŸ’αž“αž“αŸ’αž™αŸ αžŠαž„αŸαŸ‹ αž»αžΈαžŸαžαž–αž“αŸ’αž›αžΊαŸ’αž–αŸαŸ‡αž’αžΆαŸαž·αžαž™ (GT) αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αŸαžΈαžαž»αžŽαž - αž—αžΆαž–αž”αžšαŸ„αž· αž€αžΆαŸαž‡αžΆαž˜αž’αŸ’αž™αž˜αž…αž”αž–αŸ‹ αžΈαž†αŸ’αž“αŸ’αŸ† ០០្ αžšαž αžΌαžαžŠαž›αŸ‹αž†αŸ’αž“ αŸ†αŸ’αŸ αŸ’αŸ’

αŸαŸ’αž˜αžΆαž”αžŠαŸ‹ αžαŸ’αž“αŸ’αžΈαž˜αž™αž½ αŸ— αŸ’αžαžΌαžœαžΆαž“αŸ’αž‘αžΆαž‰αž™αž€αŸ’αžŸαž…αž‰αž–αžΈαž€αŸ’αž˜αŸ…αžœαž’αŸ’αž·αžΈPVGIS αžŠαžŠαž›

αž‡αžΆαž€αŸ’αž˜αŸ…αžœαž’αŸ’αž·αžΈαžŠαžŸαŸαž–αž‰αž“αŸ’αž·αž™αž€αŸ’αž˜αž™αž½ αžšαž”αŸαŸ‹αž’αž»αžΊαžšαž”αž»αŸ‰αžΆ (European Union) αžŠαžŠαž›

αž’αžΆαž…αŸ’αŸ…αž›αŸ‹αž…αžŸαž˜αž›αž™αžΎ αžΆαž“αŸ’αŸ„αŸ‰αžΆαž„αŸ’αžαžΉαž˜αŸ’αžαžΌαžœαž…αŸ†αžŸ αŸαŸ‡αŸαž·αž“αŸ’αž“αž“αŸ’αž™αŸ αžŠαž„αŸαŸ‹ αž»αžΈαžŸαžαž–αž“αŸ’αž›αžΊ

αŸ’αž–αŸαŸ‡αž’αžΆαŸαž·αžαž™ αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αŸαžΈαžαž»αžŽαž αž—αžΆαž–αž”αžšαŸ„αž· αž€αžΆαŸαžŸαŸ…αŸαžΈαŸ’αž€αŸ’αž»αž„αž—αž“αžŸαŸ†αž–αž‰ αžŠαžΌαž…αžŸαŸ…

αž αž“αžΉαž„αž€αŸ’αž˜αŸ…αžœαž’αŸ’αž·αžΈPVsyst αžŠαžŠαž›αž‘αžΆαž˜αž‘αžΆαž²αŸ’αž™αž’αž“αž€αŸ’αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαŸ’αžΆαŸαŸ‹αŸαž·αž‰αž™αž€αŸ’αž€αŸ’αž˜αŸ…αžœαž’αŸ’αž·αžΈ

αžŸαž“αŸ’αŸαŸ‡αž˜αž€αŸ’αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αžαž“αž˜αž›αž˜αž™αž½ αžαŸ’αž–αŸαŸ‹ αž’αž‰αŸ’αž…αžΉαž„αžŠαžŠαžšαŸ”

αž‡αžΆαž›αŸαž’αŸ’αž› αžŠαž„αŸαŸ‹ αž»αžΈαžŸαžαž–αž“αŸ’αž›αžΊαŸ’αž–αŸαŸ‡αž’αžΆαŸαž·αžαž™ (GT) αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αŸαžΈαžαž»αžŽαž αž—αžΆαž–

αž”αžšαŸ„αž· αž€αžΆαŸαž‡αžΆαž˜αž’αŸ’αž™αž˜αž…αž”αž–αŸ‹ αžΈαž†αŸ’αž“αŸ† ្០០្ αžšαž αžΌαžαžŠαž›αŸ‹αž†αŸ’αž“αŸ† ្០្្

αŸαŸ’αž˜αžΆαž”αžŠαŸ‹ αžαŸ’αž“αŸ’αžΈαž˜αž™αž½ αŸ— αŸ’αžαžΌαžœαžΆαž“αŸ’αž”αž„αžΆαž αž‰αžŠαžΌαž…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αžšαž”αžΌ αž—αžΆαž–αŸαžΈαŸ£ αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αŸαžΈαŸ€αŸ”

αž…αŸ†αžŸ αŸαŸ‡αžšαž”αžΌ αž—αžΆαž–αŸαžΈ ៣ αžΆαž“αŸ’αž”αž„αžΆαž αž‰αžαžΆ αžŸαŸ…αžšαžŠαžΌαžœαžšαž„αžΆαžš αž…αž”αž–αŸ‹ αžΈαžŠαžαŸ’ αžœαž…αž·αž€αžΆαž†αž·

αžŠαž›αŸ‹αžŠαžαŸ’ αž˜αž“αžΆαžΈ αžŠαž„αŸαŸ‹ ុីសត αž’αžΆαž“αŸ’αž»αž—αžΆαž–αž–αž“αŸ’αž›αžΊαŸ’αž–αŸαŸ‡αž’αžΆαŸαž·αžαž™ αž˜αžΆαž“αŸ’αž€αŸ’αŸ’αž˜αžαž· αžαŸ’αž–αŸαŸ‹αž‡αžΆ

αž’αžαž·αž”αžšαž˜αžΆ αžšαž αžΌαžαžŠαž›αŸ‹ 930 W m2 ⁄ αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αžšαžŠαžΌαžœαžœαŸαžΆ αž…αž”αž–αŸ‹ αžΈαžŠαžαŸ’αž§αŸαž—αžΆ

αžŠαž›αŸ‹ αžŠαžαŸ’αžαž»αŸ„αŸ” αž…αŸ†αžŠαžŽαž€αŸ’αž―αžšαž”αžΌ αž—αžΆαž–αŸαžΈαŸ€ αžΆαž“αŸ’αž”αž„αžΆαž αž‰αžαžΆαŸαžΈαžαž»αžŽαž αž—αžΆαž–

αž”αžšαŸ„αž· αž€αžΆαŸ αž’αžΆαž…αžŸ αžΎαž„αžŸαŸ…αžŠαž›αŸ‹ 35Β°C αžŸαŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αžšαžŠαžΌαžœαžšαž„αžΆ αž“αŸ’αž·αž„αžšαžŠαžΌαžœαžŸαžŠαŸ…

αž…αž”αž–αŸ‹ αžΈαžŠαžαŸ’αž’αŸ’αž“αžΌαžŠαž›αŸ‹ αžŠαžαŸ’αž§αŸαž—αžΆαŸ”

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Tfi

Tf1 Tfo

PVT1

PVT2

Inlet water

Outlet water